Key figures
- +1.29 °CWarmest year on record: 2024Annual anomaly vs 1951–1980
- 10 of 10The ten warmest years all fall in 2015–2025GISTEMP v4, 1880–2025
- +1.24 °CRise of the 10-year mean1880–1889 to 2016–2025
Global temperature anomaly per year, 1880–2025
Chart description
The chart shows the global mean surface temperature anomaly for every year from 1880 to 2025 (146 years), in degrees Celsius relative to the 1951–1980 average (NASA GISTEMP v4). A second line shows the 10-year trailing mean (each year averaged with the nine years before it).
From 1880 to 1909 every annual value lies between −0.49 °C and −0.09 °C; the coldest year in the record is 1909 at −0.49 °C. Temperatures rise to around the 1951–1980 average by the 1940s, and between 1940 and 1979 the 10-year mean stays between −0.10 °C and +0.06 °C. 1976 is the last year below the average.
After the mid-1970s the rise is steady. The annual value first exceeds +0.5 °C in 1998 and +1.0 °C in 2016. The warmest year is 2024 at +1.29 °C, followed by 2025 at +1.19 °C; all ten warmest years fall in 2015–2025. The 10-year mean rises from −0.22 °C (1880–1889) to +1.02 °C (2016–2025), an increase of 1.24 °C.
Data table for figure 1 (146 years)
| Year | Annual anomaly (°C) | 10-year trailing mean (°C) |
|---|---|---|
| 1880 | -0.18 | n/a |
| 1881 | -0.09 | n/a |
| 1882 | -0.12 | n/a |
| 1883 | -0.18 | n/a |
| 1884 | -0.28 | n/a |
| 1885 | -0.34 | n/a |
| 1886 | -0.32 | n/a |
| 1887 | -0.37 | n/a |
| 1888 | -0.18 | n/a |
| 1889 | -0.11 | -0.22 |
| 1890 | -0.36 | -0.24 |
| 1891 | -0.23 | -0.25 |
| 1892 | -0.28 | -0.27 |
| 1893 | -0.32 | -0.28 |
| 1894 | -0.31 | -0.28 |
| 1895 | -0.23 | -0.27 |
| 1896 | -0.12 | -0.25 |
| 1897 | -0.12 | -0.23 |
| 1898 | -0.28 | -0.24 |
| 1899 | -0.18 | -0.24 |
| 1900 | -0.09 | -0.21 |
| 1901 | -0.16 | -0.21 |
| 1902 | -0.29 | -0.21 |
| 1903 | -0.38 | -0.21 |
| 1904 | -0.48 | -0.23 |
| 1905 | -0.27 | -0.24 |
| 1906 | -0.23 | -0.25 |
| 1907 | -0.39 | -0.27 |
| 1908 | -0.43 | -0.29 |
| 1909 | -0.49 | -0.32 |
| 1910 | -0.44 | -0.36 |
| 1911 | -0.45 | -0.39 |
| 1912 | -0.38 | -0.39 |
| 1913 | -0.36 | -0.39 |
| 1914 | -0.17 | -0.36 |
| 1915 | -0.15 | -0.35 |
| 1916 | -0.36 | -0.36 |
| 1917 | -0.46 | -0.37 |
| 1918 | -0.30 | -0.36 |
| 1919 | -0.28 | -0.34 |
| 1920 | -0.28 | -0.32 |
| 1921 | -0.19 | -0.29 |
| 1922 | -0.28 | -0.28 |
| 1923 | -0.27 | -0.27 |
| 1924 | -0.27 | -0.28 |
| 1925 | -0.22 | -0.29 |
| 1926 | -0.11 | -0.27 |
| 1927 | -0.22 | -0.24 |
| 1928 | -0.20 | -0.23 |
| 1929 | -0.36 | -0.24 |
| 1930 | -0.16 | -0.23 |
| 1931 | -0.09 | -0.22 |
| 1932 | -0.16 | -0.21 |
| 1933 | -0.29 | -0.21 |
| 1934 | -0.13 | -0.19 |
| 1935 | -0.20 | -0.19 |
| 1936 | -0.15 | -0.20 |
| 1937 | -0.03 | -0.18 |
| 1938 | -0.01 | -0.16 |
| 1939 | -0.02 | -0.12 |
| 1940 | +0.12 | -0.10 |
| 1941 | +0.18 | -0.07 |
| 1942 | +0.06 | -0.05 |
| 1943 | +0.09 | -0.01 |
| 1944 | +0.20 | +0.02 |
| 1945 | +0.10 | +0.05 |
| 1946 | -0.07 | +0.06 |
| 1947 | -0.03 | +0.06 |
| 1948 | -0.11 | +0.05 |
| 1949 | -0.11 | +0.04 |
| 1950 | -0.17 | +0.01 |
| 1951 | -0.07 | -0.01 |
| 1952 | +0.01 | -0.02 |
| 1953 | +0.08 | -0.02 |
| 1954 | -0.13 | -0.05 |
| 1955 | -0.14 | -0.07 |
| 1956 | -0.19 | -0.09 |
| 1957 | +0.05 | -0.08 |
| 1958 | +0.06 | -0.06 |
| 1959 | +0.03 | -0.05 |
| 1960 | -0.03 | -0.03 |
| 1961 | +0.06 | -0.02 |
| 1962 | +0.03 | -0.02 |
| 1963 | +0.05 | -0.02 |
| 1964 | -0.20 | -0.03 |
| 1965 | -0.11 | -0.02 |
| 1966 | -0.06 | -0.01 |
| 1967 | -0.02 | -0.02 |
| 1968 | -0.08 | -0.03 |
| 1969 | +0.05 | -0.03 |
| 1970 | +0.03 | -0.02 |
| 1971 | -0.08 | -0.04 |
| 1972 | +0.01 | -0.04 |
| 1973 | +0.16 | -0.03 |
| 1974 | -0.07 | -0.02 |
| 1975 | -0.01 | -0.01 |
| 1976 | -0.10 | -0.01 |
| 1977 | +0.18 | +0.01 |
| 1978 | +0.07 | +0.02 |
| 1979 | +0.16 | +0.03 |
| 1980 | +0.26 | +0.06 |
| 1981 | +0.32 | +0.10 |
| 1982 | +0.14 | +0.11 |
| 1983 | +0.32 | +0.13 |
| 1984 | +0.15 | +0.15 |
| 1985 | +0.12 | +0.16 |
| 1986 | +0.18 | +0.19 |
| 1987 | +0.32 | +0.20 |
| 1988 | +0.39 | +0.24 |
| 1989 | +0.27 | +0.25 |
| 1990 | +0.45 | +0.27 |
| 1991 | +0.41 | +0.28 |
| 1992 | +0.22 | +0.28 |
| 1993 | +0.23 | +0.28 |
| 1994 | +0.32 | +0.29 |
| 1995 | +0.45 | +0.32 |
| 1996 | +0.33 | +0.34 |
| 1997 | +0.47 | +0.35 |
| 1998 | +0.61 | +0.38 |
| 1999 | +0.38 | +0.39 |
| 2000 | +0.39 | +0.38 |
| 2001 | +0.53 | +0.39 |
| 2002 | +0.63 | +0.43 |
| 2003 | +0.62 | +0.47 |
| 2004 | +0.53 | +0.49 |
| 2005 | +0.68 | +0.52 |
| 2006 | +0.64 | +0.55 |
| 2007 | +0.66 | +0.57 |
| 2008 | +0.54 | +0.56 |
| 2009 | +0.66 | +0.59 |
| 2010 | +0.72 | +0.62 |
| 2011 | +0.61 | +0.63 |
| 2012 | +0.65 | +0.63 |
| 2013 | +0.68 | +0.64 |
| 2014 | +0.75 | +0.66 |
| 2015 | +0.90 | +0.68 |
| 2016 | +1.01 | +0.72 |
| 2017 | +0.92 | +0.74 |
| 2018 | +0.85 | +0.77 |
| 2019 | +0.98 | +0.81 |
| 2020 | +1.01 | +0.83 |
| 2021 | +0.85 | +0.86 |
| 2022 | +0.89 | +0.88 |
| 2023 | +1.17 | +0.93 |
| 2024 | +1.29 | +0.99 |
| 2025 | +1.19 | +1.02 |
Average temperature anomaly per decade
Tip: press Tab to reach the chart, then the arrow keys to move between decades.
* 2020s = 2020–2025 (6 years).
Chart description
Decade averages of the annual GISTEMP values, in °C relative to 1951–1980. The six decades from the 1880s to the 1930s are all below the average, the coolest being the 1910s at −0.34 °C. The 1940s (+0.04 °C), 1950s (−0.05 °C), 1960s (−0.03 °C) and 1970s (+0.03 °C) are close to the average.
Every decade since the 1970s is warmer than the one before: 1980s +0.25 °C, 1990s +0.39 °C, 2000s +0.59 °C, 2010s +0.81 °C, 2020s +1.07 °C. The 2020s value covers only 6 years (2020–2025).
Data table for figure 2 (15 decades)
| Decade | Years | Years with data | Mean anomaly (°C) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1880s | 1880–1889 | 10 | -0.22 |
| 1890s | 1890–1899 | 10 | -0.24 |
| 1900s | 1900–1909 | 10 | -0.32 |
| 1910s | 1910–1919 | 10 | -0.34 |
| 1920s | 1920–1929 | 10 | -0.24 |
| 1930s | 1930–1939 | 10 | -0.12 |
| 1940s | 1940–1949 | 10 | +0.04 |
| 1950s | 1950–1959 | 10 | -0.05 |
| 1960s | 1960–1969 | 10 | -0.03 |
| 1970s | 1970–1979 | 10 | +0.03 |
| 1980s | 1980–1989 | 10 | +0.25 |
| 1990s | 1990–1999 | 10 | +0.39 |
| 2000s | 2000–2009 | 10 | +0.59 |
| 2010s | 2010–2019 | 10 | +0.81 |
| 2020s | 2020–2025 | 6 | +1.07 |
Source
GISTEMP Team, GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (GISTEMP v4), NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies
(data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp), public domain; annual series taken from the
datasets/global-temp data package (file data/annual.csv).
Values rounded to 0.01 °C. Download the data (CSV).